Brown Hare vs European Rabbit

Lepus europaeus and Oryctolagus cuniculus

Brown Hare

Brown Hare

Lepus europaeus

9 photosGenus Hares and JackrabbitsFamily Hares and Rabbits
View species page
European Rabbit

European Rabbit

Oryctolagus cuniculus

2 photosGenus OryctolagusFamily Hares and Rabbits
View species page

Comparison notes

Field marks and practical differences

The Brown Hare and European Rabbit are often confused in the field but have distinct differences for practical identification. The Brown Hare is noticeably larger, measuring 50 to 70 cm with golden-brown fur and long ears tipped in black, whereas the European Rabbit is smaller, 35 to 45 cm, with greyish-brown fur and ears lacking black tips. The hare’s distinctive black patch on its tail contrasts with the rabbit’s white tail. Brown Hares move with a unique hopping gait and rest in shallow ground forms, while rabbits live in extensive underground burrows. Habitat and behaviour also aid identification. Brown Hares prefer open farmland and grassland and are mostly active at dawn and dusk, often seen alone or in pairs. European Rabbits favour well-drained soils for digging and form large social colonies in grasslands, heathlands, and woodland edges. Observing size, ear markings, tail colour, and social habits will help photographers distinguish these two common UK species in the field.

Size stats

Compare species by wingspan and weight

Brown Hare
Body length
50 - 70 cm
Weight
2 - 5.5 kg
European Rabbit
Body length
34 - 50 cm
Weight
1.2 - 2 kg

Habitats

Where they live

Brown Hare
ForestGrasslandUrban
European Rabbit
ForestGrasslandUrban

Diet breakdown

What they eat

Brown Hare
  • Plant matter90%
  • Fruits & seeds5%
  • Fungi5%
European Rabbit
  • Plant matter90%
  • Fruits & seeds10%

Species notes

Descriptions and photographer notes

Brown Hare

The Brown Hare is much bigger than rabbits, with long ears that have black tips, strong back legs, and a unique hopping way of moving. Adults are between 50 and 70 centimetres long, with golden-brown fur and a black patch on the top of their tail. They originally come from mainland Europe but were brought to Britain by the Romans. They prefer open farmland, grassland, and crop fields. Brown Hares are mostly active early in the morning and late in the evening. They rest in shallow hollows in the ground called forms instead of digging burrows. They are well known for their amazing boxing behaviour during the spring breeding season, where they stand on their back legs and hit each other with their front paws. The Brown Hare is different from the Mountain Hare because it is bigger, does not turn white in winter, and lives mainly in lowland areas.

European Rabbit

The European Rabbit is a small mammal with greyish-brown fur, long ears without black tips, and a distinctive white tail. Adults usually weigh between 1.2 and 2 kilograms and measure 35 to 45 centimetres in length. This species is much more social than hares and lives in large underground tunnel systems. Native to the Iberian Peninsula and northwest Africa, the European Rabbit has been introduced to many other places, including Europe, Australia, and parts of South America. In Britain, it was brought over by the Normans and is now found everywhere. European Rabbits prefer well-drained areas with sandy soil that is good for digging. They live in grasslands, heathlands, coastal dunes, and the edges of woodlands. They are mostly active at dawn and dusk, when they come out to feed on grasses and herbs.